April in Arizona marks a vibrant period in the gardening calendar, where falling frosts give way to warm days perfect for planting. As temperatures begin to rise, understanding which vegetables, flowers, herbs, and landscape plants will thrive in Arizona’s diverse environment is pivotal.
This guide will provide an in-depth look at what to plant during this crucial month, with particular emphasis on planting strategies tailored to Arizona’s unique climate.
Vegetables To Plant
Tomatoes
Tomatoes are a beloved choice for home gardeners, especially given Arizona’s long growing season. When selecting varieties, consider options that are resistant to common diseases, such as verticillium wilt and fusarium wilt, which are more prevalent in warm climates. For those in Phoenix or the lower desert regions, it’s ideal to transplant young tomato plants in early April, aiming for planting when nighttime temperatures consistently remain above 50°F (10°C).
Tomatoes prefer well-draining soil enriched with compost for nutrients. To enhance yield, stake or cage tomato plants as they grow to improve airflow and keep fruits off the ground. Watering deeply but infrequently will encourage strong root development. Recognizing the symptoms of blossom drop, which can occur due to excessive heat or inconsistent watering, will also help in maintaining a productive crop.
Tip: Consider companion planting tomatoes with basil, as they not only enhance each other’s flavors but also help deter pests.
Peppers
Peppers are another essential vegetable that grows well in Arizona’s hot climate. Common varieties include bell peppers, jalapeños, and serranos. Start from seeds indoors about 8 weeks before the last frost or purchase nursery starter plants. Timing is crucial; transplant them in early to mid-April for optimal growth.
Loamy, well-drained soil along with consistent moisture is vital as these plants establish. Mulching can help retain moisture and keep roots cool. Pay attention to fluctuations in temperature; extreme heat can lead to blossom drop, while cold snaps can cause stunted growth.
Planting Strategy: Regularly fertilize with a balanced fertilizer once flowers appear to encourage fruit production.
Cucumbers
Cucumbers are a wonderful addition to your April planting list due to their quick growth cycle. They thrive in warm soil, ideally around 70°F (21°C) for germination. Plant cucumber seeds after the last frost date, allowing them enough space to spread, as they are vigorous climbers. In higher elevations like Flagstaff, it’s advisable to wait until the soil warms up adequately.
For best results, consider growing cucumbers on trellises. This technique not only saves space but also improves air circulation, reducing the risk of diseases. Regular watering, especially during flowering and fruiting stages, is essential.
Tip: Choose varieties like ‘Marketmore’ or ‘English cucumber’ for continuous production throughout the summer months.
Squash
Squash, both summer and winter varieties, flourish in Arizona’s sunny climate. Summer squash, like zucchini and yellow squash, can be planted in April, while winter squash, such as butternut and acorn, should be sown a bit later based on soil conditions.
Drainage is crucial, as squash dislikes wet feet. Incorporating organic matter into the soil prior to planting can boost fertility. Early in the season, squash plants are susceptible to pests, particularly squash bugs. Use companion planting strategies, such as interspersing them with aromatic herbs or marigolds, to naturally deter pests.
Planting Strategy: Thin seedlings to prevent overcrowding, allowing enough space for the sprawling leaves to spread out.
Beans
Beans, including bush and pole varieties, are highly suited for April planting in Arizona. They are self-fertilizing and nitrogen-fixing plants, benefiting the soil as they grow. Try to plant bush beans in blocks for better pollination and increased yield.
To encourage faster germination, plant beans directly when soil temperatures reach 60°F (15°C). They are relatively drought-tolerant but require consistent watering among flowering to ensure good pod development. Avoid overwatering, as beans are susceptible to root rot.
Tip: Look for varieties such as ‘Blue Lake’ or ‘Kentucky Wonder’ for robust growth and reliable harvests.
Corn
Corn requires a bit more planning due to its high light and water requirements. April is the ideal month for planting sweet corn, especially in warmer areas like Yuma. It likes to be sown in blocks rather than rows to assist with pollination.
Success with corn hinges on adequate soil preparation. Well-draining soil mixed with organic matter can enhance growth. Corn will need consistent moisture through the growing season, especially during tasseling and ear formation.
Tip: After planting, consider applying a balanced fertilizer to promote healthy growth through its different growth stages.
Carrots
Carrots can be successfully started in April, particularly in the cooler regions of Arizona. They thrive in loose, well-draining soil to encourage straight, healthy roots. Plant seeds directly into the garden, spacing them adequately to avoid overcrowding, which can lead to malformed roots.
Carrots prefer cooler temperatures, so planting deeper into the soil can help them find the cooler moisture they need. Mulching around the seedlings can also aid in moisture retention.
Planting Strategy: Thin seedlings to provide adequate spacing for root development, usually when they reach about 2 inches tall.
Radishes
Radishes are a great option for early April sowing. They grow quickly, maturing in three to four weeks, making them perfect for early spring planting. They prefer cooler weather but thrive in Arizona’s warm climate if planted in partial shade or watered consistently.
Sow seeds directly in well-prepped soil, ensuring they have good airflow to prevent fungal diseases. Radishes prefer a pH of 6.0-7.0; using raised beds can help attain optimal conditions.
Tip: Experiment with various varieties, like ‘Cherry Belle’ or ‘French Breakfast’, for diverse experiences.
Lettuce
Lettuce is best planted in April in northern Arizona, where temperatures remain cooler. Various types like leaf, romaine, and butterhead can be easily cultivated. They prefer temperatures of 60-70°F (15-21°C) and quickly bolt when the heat becomes intense.
It’s wise to choose bolt-resistant varieties for summer growing and safeguard seedlings with shade cloth as temperatures rise. Consistent moisture and rich organic matter will contribute to healthy growth.
Beets
Beets can be sown directly into the garden from mid-April onward, ideal in cooler areas. They are root vegetables that thrive in slightly cooler conditions, making them suitable for several zones in Arizona. The soil should be amended with compost to provide essential nutrients.
Beets will require adequate moisture to thrive, especially as they begin to form their roots. Thin seedlings to at least 3 inches apart to ensure adequate water and nutrient access. Harvest can commence when beets are 1.5 to 3 inches in diameter.
Flowers To Plant
Marigolds
Marigolds are enduring favorites in gardens, particularly in Arizona, where they thrive in full sun and well-draining soil. They can be sowed directly into garden beds or planted as seedlings in April after frost risk has passed. Marigolds prefer temperatures between 60-80°F (15-27°C) and are drought tolerant once established.
These vibrant annuals not only beautify your space but also act as effective companions for vegetable gardens. Their specific scent deters a variety of pests, particularly nematodes and aphids. Deadheading spent blooms encourages more flowers to emerge, extending the blooming season through summer.
Tip: Plant different varieties, such as French or African marigolds, for a stunning and vibrant display.
Zinnias
Zinnias are known for their bright, uplifting colors and are resilient to hot weather, flourishing in Arizona’s sunny climate. They can be directly seeded into the garden in April, where they require good drainage and ample sun to thrive. Zinnias prefer temperatures between 70-90°F (21-32°C).
These flowering plants are not only drought-resistant but also attract pollinators, making them excellent for biodiversity in the garden. They come in a variety of sizes and forms.
Planting Strategy: Sow seeds in clusters to create a fuller appearance, and regularly deadhead to encourage prolonged flowering.
Sunflowers
Sunflowers bring enormous joy and color to gardens and are great for planting in Arizona from mid-April onwards. These annual flowers can thrive in a variety of soil types as long as there is proper drainage. Their need for full sun means they perform exceptionally well in warmer climates, tolerating heat and drought conditions.
Different varieties, such as ‘Mammoth’ and ‘Teddy Bear’, yield varying heights and petal shapes. Be attentive to spacing since these plants can become top-heavy as they grow. They can also provide food for birds post-harvest.
Tip: Plant sunflowers in blocks rather than rows to support proper pollination.
Petunias
Petunias are cherished for their versatility and profusion of colors. They thrive in warm weather, making April the ideal planting month in Arizona. Low-growing and trailing varieties can be used in hanging baskets or as ground covers.
These flowers can handle poor soils, but amendments with organic matter will enhance their resilience. Petunias love sunlight, so ensure they are planted where they receive at least 6 or more hours of direct sun each day.
Tip: Regular deadheading will encourage continuous blooms throughout the summer months.
Geraniums
Geraniums are reliable perennials for Arizona landscapes, providing color all summer long. They thrive in full sun and well-draining soil and should be planted in April for robust growth. Geraniums are relatively drought-tolerant and can withstand heat, thriving in temperatures above 70°F (21°C) with slight drought.
Regular pruning encourages bushy growth, while fertilizing with a balanced mix will foster consistent blooming.
Lantanas
Lantanas provide vibrant blossoms that attract both butterflies and hummingbirds. These hardy perennial plants are perfect for the Arizona heat, flouring in dry, sunny conditions. Planting in April allows these plants to get established before the hottest months.
Lantanas can thrive in poor soil, but they benefit from well-drained conditions. Regular deadheading also promotes further blooms and is suitable in xeriscaped gardens due to their low water needs.
Cosmos
Cosmos are cheerful, easy-to-grow annuals that excel in well-drained soil and full sun. Planting in April allows these flowers to establish before the intense heat arrives. They can tolerate a range of soil types and are exceptionally drought-resistant once established.
Their tall, airy structure adds height and movement to a garden bed, and they are excellent for attracting pollinators.
Tip: Easy to deadhead, cosmos can bloom continuously throughout the summer months, offering endless garden beauty.
Salvia
Salvia plants, often celebrated for their vibrant purple and blue blooms, thrive in hot, dry climates like Arizona’s. Depending on the variety, many salvia types can be planted in April with minimal care. They enjoy full sun and well-drained soils, making them perfect for arid landscapes.
These flowering plants are also drought-tolerant once established, providing fantastic herbaceous accents to gardens. Salvia attracts hummingbirds and bees, boosting local biodiversity.
Gaillardia (Blanket Flower)
Gaillardia, or blanket flower, is an exceptionally drought-tolerant perennial that serves beautifully in Arizona gardens. They are perfect for planting in April, as they love full sun and well-drained soil. Gaillardia produces striking flowers throughout summer and fall, ensuring a colorful display in any landscape.
These flowers are low-maintenance and resistant to poor soil conditions. Once established, they require minimal watering, making them ideal for dry gardens.
Tip: Gaillardia can also self-seed, providing a delightful surprise of blooms in successive seasons.
Alyssum
Alyssum is a charming low-growing annual plant that creates a beautiful flowering carpet. It’s ideal for cooler spells in Arizona during April, as they perform best in temperatures not exceeding 75°F (24°C). They prefer well-draining soil and sun to partial shade.
This hardy flower can withstand periods of drought once established and is a favorite among gardeners for attracting beneficial insects. The sweet fragrance is an added perk that many enjoy.
Herbs To Plant
Basil
Basil offers outstanding flavor for culinary dishes and is an excellent herb to add to any garden. It’s sensitive to cold, so wait until April for planting to ensure consistently warm temperatures above 65°F (18°C). Basil flourishes in well-drained soils and full sun exposure.
Regular harvesting encourages bushy growth; cut leaves at the base of the stem rather than pinching leaves. Water basil consistently but avoid letting the soil become overly waterlogged, as this can lead to root rot.
Tip: Basil is a great companion plant for tomatoes; planting them together can enhance the flavor of both.
Cilantro
Cilantro is a hardy herb that grows quickly, making it perfect for planting in cooler areas in April. It thrives best in temperatures between 50-70°F (10-21°C) and can be directly seeded in the garden. As cilantro bolts quickly in heat, it’s best planted in intervals for a continuous harvest.
For maximum flavor, maintain adequate moisture and avoid over-fertilizing; cilantro prefers lean soil. In higher elevations, consider using row covers to shield emerging seedlings from late frosts.
Oregano
Oregano is a resilient, perennial herb that excels in warmer climates and works beautifully in Arizona landscapes. Plant in April to benefit from rising temperatures. It thrives in poor, well-draining soil and loves full sunlight.
Regular pruning will encourage a bushy plant full of fragrant leaves, which can be harvested throughout the growing season for culinary use.
Tip: Oregano can become invasive, so consider planting it in containers to control its spread.
Thyme
Thyme is an aromatic perennial herb that is drought-tolerant and perfect for southwestern gardens. It grows in well-drained, sandy soils, thriving in full sunlight. Plant thyme in April, as it can handle rising temperatures and requires minimal watering once established.
Pinching back stems encourages bushier growth and will produce a stronger flavor. Overwinter in Arizona isn’t generally a concern, as thyme adapts well to changing seasons.
Parsley
Parsley is a nutrient-rich herb that takes a bit longer to germinate, making April a great time to seed it. Provides culinary versatility, parsley prefers well-drained soil in sunny locations. It thrives in cooler temperatures, ideally from 60°F (15°C) to 70°F (21°C).
Water consistently as seedlings establish, thinning them adequately to allow good air circulation, which will reduce pests and boost growth.
Dill
Dill is an easy-to-grow annual herb that thrives in warm temperatures. Plant seeds directly in the garden by mid-April. Dill prefers full sunlight and well-drained soils, making it perfect for the long days of Arizona summer.
Support dill plants with staking as they grow tall, particularly if they flower, to prevent them from falling over. Dill attracts beneficial insects, enhancing your garden’s ecosystem.
Chives
Chives are a delightful cold-hardy perennial, perfect for Arizona gardens. They can be sown in the cooler north or established in April in warmer regions. They love well-drained soil and prefer sunlight.
Regular harvesting encourages leafy growth, while the flowers become an attractive feature of summer gardens. Chives thrive with minimal care, making them perfect for both novice and experienced gardeners.
Mint
Mint is beloved for its aromatic qualities, and it thrives in April’s warm weather. Instead of planting in the ground, consider growing mint in pots to contain its growth, as it can spread quickly. Mint enjoys partial shade and requires regular watering to encourage lush growth.
Pruning helps manage growth, and mint is typically ready for harvest when leaves are about six inches tall. Use it in culinary recipes or teas for an invigorating taste.
Rosemary
Rosemary is a drought-tolerant herb that can thrive in the arid conditions of Arizona. Plant in well-draining soil and full sun in April, as rosemary can flourish in high temperatures. Once established, this herb requires little care and can withstand drought conditions.
This perennial herb is ideal for landscape gardens and culinary spaces alike. Regular pruning encourages bushier growth, and that fragrant flavor in your dishes can’t be beaten.
Catnip
Catnip is a perennial herb known for attracting feline friends. This hardy herb can be directly seeded into the ground in April, enjoying well-draining soil and full sun exposure. Catnip tolerates drought conditions, making it perfect for Arizona gardens.
Trimmings can be used for teas or snacks for your cats, providing natural enrichment. Plus, the flowers attract helpful pollinators to your garden, enhancing local biodiversity.
Landscape Plants To Plant
Agave
Agave plants are beloved for their distinct form and low maintenance requirements, making them a favorite in desert landscapes. They require well-drained soils and do well when planted in April to establish before the intense summer months. Most agave species can tolerate extremes of heat, flourishing under dry conditions and maintaining their striking appearance.
Tip: Consider different varieties like Agave americana or Agave parryi to create visual interest with varying sizes and forms in your garden.
Desert Willow
The Desert Willow is a native tree well-adapted to the arid environment of Arizona. With delicate flowers and an attractive form, it can grow into a stunning focal point in any landscape. Planting should occur in April to take advantage of the improving temperatures, helping it establish before the peak summer heat.
This tree attracts birds and acts as a pollinator plant, needing minimal water once established. It can thrive in various soil types, provided they offer good drainage.
Lantana
As mentioned previously, lantana is a prolific flowering plant that stands out in the Arizona climate. It thrives in full sun and poor soil conditions, making it excellent for arid settings. Lantana can be planted in April for optimal blooming in summer, when it can withstand extreme heat and drought.
Regular deadheading promotes new blossoms, increasing the plant’s longevity. Planted in mass, lantanas can create radiant patches of color in landscapes.
Oleander
Oleander is a widely used shrub in Arizona for its remarkable resilience and vibrant flowers. Plant young oleander in mid-April, as it needs full sunlight and well-drained soil to thrive. Once established, it can tolerate poor soil conditions and requires minimal watering, making it perfect for low-maintenance gardens.
Caution: While oleander is beautiful, it is toxic if ingested. Placing it away from areas frequented by pets and children is wise.
Yucca
Yucca plants add a unique sculptural element to gardens, thriving in the dry Arizona climate. Plant in April to ensure they establish roots before summer’s intense heat. They prefer well-drained soils and full sunlight.
Once established, yuccas require little water and can survive arid conditions, making them perfect for desert landscaping. Its striking flower spikes can attract hummingbirds and other pollinators.
Red Yucca
Red yucca is an enchanting perennial noted for its vibrant flower spikes that can attract hummingbirds. It thrives in full sun and dry conditions; April is an ideal time to plant it. This drought-tolerant plant enjoys well-draining soil.
Plant red yucca in groups to create stunning color displays that can be appreciated throughout summer. These plants add character to landscapes and gardens alike.
Creosote Bush
The creosote bush is another native plant that thrives in desert landscapes. Its strong, distinctive scent and drought resistance make it a staple in many Arizona gardens. Plant in April to allow for easier establishment, as this shrub prefers well-drained soils.
A native plant, the creosote takes little effort in terms of watering and can adapt to poor soil conditions. Over time, it improves the biodiversity of your garden.
Desert Sage
Desert sage is an attractive landscape plant that offers aromatic foliage and beautiful blooms that attract pollinators. Planted in April, this shrub is well-suited for dry conditions and thrives in well-drained soil under full sun.
Desert sage requires minimal maintenance once established, and it’s effective for erosion control in sandy soils, making it a sustainable addition to any home landscape.
Bougainvillea
Bougainvillea is celebrated not only for its spectacular displays of color but also for its ability to thrive in hot, dry climates. Plant bougainvillea in April as it establishes best during warm conditions. It does well in poor soils but requires well-drained conditions and full sunlight.
Regular pruning can help manage this aggressive climber, promoting more bushy growth and vibrant blooms throughout the growing season.
Indian Hawthorn
Indian hawthorn is an evergreen shrub celebrated for its lovely springtime flowers. Its adaptability makes it a popular choice for many landscapes across the state of Arizona. Plant Indian hawthorn in April, ensuring it has access to ample sunlight and well-draining soil.
It’s also relatively low-maintenance, requiring little water once it is well-established. This shrub can enhance any landscape with its attractive flowers while providing habitat for butterflies and other local wildlife.
